When parents learn that their child may have a medical, developmental, learning, or mental health diagnosis, this news can come as a huge blow. In You Are Not Alone,* Patricia McGill Smith wrote, “The day my child was diagnosed as having a disability, I was devastated—and so confused that I remember little else about those first days other than the heartbreak.” Subtopics included are:

• Responding to a Diagnosis
• Building New Hopes and Dreams After a Diagnosis

Learning about any problem in their child’s development can come as a huge concern to parents. Many parents react in some or all of these ways:

• Denial – Thoughts such as, “This cannot be happening to me, to my child, to our family” are one of the first reactions to a diagnosis.
• Anger - Denial often merges with anger, which may be aimed towards the health care provider who told you about the child’s problem. Anger can also create problems between spouses, with grandparents, or with others in the family.
• Fear – Parents often feel afraid of the unknown in facing their child’s diagnosis.
• Guilt – Parents may worry over whether they are somehow at fault for the problem: “Did I do something to cause this? Am I being punished for something I have done? Did I take care of myself when I was pregnant?” Much self-blame and sadness can stem from questioning the causes of the diagnosis.
• Confusion – In the midst of shock, facts can seem garbled and distorted. A diagnosis often comes with new words and unfamiliar terms that make it hard to fully grasp what is happening. This confusion may lead to sleeplessness, not being able to make decisions, and mental overload.
• Powerlessness – Many parents have a hard time accepting their child’s diagnosis. The inability to change what is happening, along with the need to feel able to handle daily life can lead to feelings of powerlessness.
• Disappointment – A child’s diagnosis may pose a threat to many parents’ egos and a test to their value system. This jolt to past expectations can make it hard to see one’s child as a valued, growing person.
• Rejection – While feelings of rejection are sometimes directed toward the child, they may also be toward health care providers or toward other family members.

Another parent of a child with the same or a like diagnosis, even one who has chosen to be a parent helper, can be a great source of support. To connect with other parents visit the Find Your Parent Center to find local information for Parent-Helping-Parent Programs.

It is of great value for parents to talk about their feelings in regard to their child’s diagnosis. The more couples can talk at times like these, the greater their shared strength. To improve communication:

• Know that you each take your roles as parents differently. How you will feel and react to this will be specific to you.
• Try to make clear to each other how you feel; try to be kind when you don’t see things the same way.

Asking the right questions, learning the terms, and keeping good records will help make life easier when dealing with a new diagnosis. Learning about the diagnosis and having some knowledge of the child’s future prospects can help, rather than not knowing. To make sure that you get the right information:

• If someone uses a word you don’t know, do not be afraid to ask them to make it clear to you. Asking questions will help you understand more about your child.
• Write down your questions before appointments or meetings and write down further questions as you think of them during the meeting.
• Get copies of all records (such as evaluations, diagnostic reports, and progress reports) from physicians, teachers, and therapists.
• Put together a notebook of all information that is given to you. (For printable pages, see the Care Notebook page)
  • If you do not have a notebook, find a box or drawer to use just for that, then when you need it, you’ll know where it is.
• Keep all of the information you collect in a safe place, so you have it if you need it.

During this period, parents may feel sad or angry about the way people are reacting to their child. Many people’s reactions to problems are caused by a lack of understanding, simply not knowing what to say, or fear of the unknown. To cope with others’ reactions:

• Understand that many people don’t know how to act when they see a child with disabilities, and may not seem kind.
• Try not to focus on people who are unable to respond to your child in ways you might prefer.

It is vital to keep in mind that your child comes first; their diagnosis comes second. To keep the focus on your child:

• Know that although your child's progress may be different from that of other children, this does not make your child less valued, less human, less worthy, or in less need of your love and parenting.
• Love and enjoy your child.

Try to relax and take the steps outlined in this article. By taking things one step at a time, you will do the best you can, you'll help your child, and you can look to the future with hope.

*This content has been adapted from You Are Not Alone: For Parents When They Learn That Their Child Has a Disability, by Patricia McGill Smith, Executive Director, National Parent Network on Disabilities. To read the complete article, contact the Utah Parent Center or go to You Are Not Alone (McGill Smith).